# 13.5. Starters Starters是一个依赖描述符的集合，你可以将它包含进项目中，这样添加依赖就非常方便。你可以获取所有Spring及相关技术的一站式服务，而不需要翻阅示例代码，拷贝粘贴大量的依赖描述符。例如，如果你想使用Spring和JPA进行数据库访问，需要在项目中包含`spring-boot-starter-data-jpa`依赖。 该starters包含很多搭建，快速运行项目所需的依赖，并提供一致的，可管理传递性的依赖集。 **名字有什么含义**：所有官方starters遵循相似的命名模式：`spring-boot-starter-*`，在这里`*`是一种特殊的应用程序类型。该命名结构旨在帮你找到需要的starter。很多集成于IDEs中的Maven插件让你通过名称搜索依赖。例如，使用相应的Eclipse或STS插件，你可以在POM编辑器中点击`ctrl-space`，然后输入"spring-boot-starter"就可以获取一个完整列表。 正如[创建自己的starter](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-custom-starter)章节中讨论的，第三方starters不应该以`spring-boot`开头，因为它跟Spring Boot官方artifacts冲突。第三方starter通常会用项目的名称开头。例如，一个叫做`thirdpartyproject`的第三方starter项目，通常会被命名为`thirdpartyproject-spring-boot-starter`。 以下应用程序starters是Spring Boot在`org.springframework.boot` group下提供的： **表 13.1. Spring Boot application starters** | 名称 | 描述 | Pom | | ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | spring-boot-starter | 核心starter，包括自动配置支持，日志和YAML | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-activemq | 用于使用Apache ActiveMQ实现JMS消息 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-activemq/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-amqp | 用于使用Spring AMQP和Rabbit MQ | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-amqp/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-aop | 用于使用Spring AOP和AspectJ实现面向切面编程 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-aop/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-artemis | 使用Apache Artemis实现JMS消息 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-artemis/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-batch | 对Spring Batch的支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-batch/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-cache | 用于使用Spring框架的缓存支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-cache/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-cloud-connectors | 对Spring Cloud Connectors的支持，用于简化云平台下（例如Cloud Foundry 和Heroku）服务的连接 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-cloud-connectors/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra | 用于使用分布式数据库Cassandra和Spring Data Cassandra | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra-reactive | 用于使用分布式数据库Cassandra和Spring Data Cassandra Reactive | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra-reactive/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase | 用于使用基于文档的数据库Couchbase和Spring Data Couchbase | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase-reactive | 用于使用基于文档的数据库Couchbase和Spring Data Couchbase Reactive | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase-reactive/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch | 用于使用Elasticsearch搜索，分析引擎和Spring Data Elasticsearch | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-jpa | 用于使用Hibernate实现Spring Data JPA | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-jpa/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-ldap | 用于Spring Data LDAP | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-ldap/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb | 用于使用基于文档的数据库MongoDB和Spring Data MongoDB | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb-reactive | 用于使用基于文档的数据库MongoDB和Spring Data MongoDB Reactive | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb-reactive/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j | 用于使用图数据库Neo4j和Spring Data Neo4j | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-redis | 用于使用Spring Data Redis和Lettuce客户端操作键-值存储的Redis | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-redis/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive | 用于使用Spring Data Redis reactive和Lettuce客户端操作键-值存储的Redis | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-rest | 用于使用Spring Data REST暴露基于REST的Spring Data仓库 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-rest/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-data-solr | 通过Spring Data Solr使用Apache Solr搜索平台 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-solr/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-freemarker | 用于使用FreeMarker模板引擎构建MVC web应用 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-freemarker/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates | 用于使用Groovy模板引擎构建MVC web应用 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-hateoas | 用于使用Spring MVC和Spring HATEOAS实现基于超媒体的RESTful web应用 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-hateoas/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-integration | 用于使用Spring Integration | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-integration/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-jdbc | 对JDBC的支持（使用Tomcat JDBC连接池） | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jdbc/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-jersey | 用于使用JAX-RS和Jersey构建RESTful web应用，可使用[spring-boot-starter-web](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-web)替代 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jersey/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-jooq | 用于使用JOOQ访问SQL数据库，可使用[spring-boot-starter-data-jpa](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-data-jpa)或[spring-boot-starter-jdbc](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-jdbc)替代 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jooq/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-json | 用于读写json | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-json/pom.xmll) | | spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos | 用于使用Atomikos实现JTA事务 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-jta-bitronix | 用于使用Bitronix实现JTA事务 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jta-bitronix/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-jta-narayana | Spring Boot Narayana JTA Starter | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jta-narayana/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-mail | 用于使用Java Mail和Spring框架email发送支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-mail/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-mustache | 用于使用Mustache模板引擎构建MVC web应用 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-mustache/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-quartz | Spring Boot Quartz Starter | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-quartz/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-security | 对Spring Security的支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-security/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-security-reactive | 对响应式Spring Security的支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-security-reactive/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-test | 用于测试Spring Boot应用，支持常用测试类库，包括JUnit, Hamcrest和Mockito | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-test/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf | 用于使用Thymeleaf模板引擎构建MVC web应用 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-validation | 用于使用Hibernate Validator实现Java Bean校验 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-validation/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-web | 用于使用Spring MVC构建web应用，包括RESTful。Tomcat是默认的内嵌容器 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-web-services | 对Spring Web服务的支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web-services/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-webflux | 提供用Spring框架创建webflux应用的支持 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-webflux/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-websocket | 用于使用Spring框架的WebSocket支持构建WebSocket应用 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-websocket/pom.xml) | 除了应用程序starters，以下starters可用于添加[production ready](https://jack80342.gitbook.io/spring-boot/v.-spring-boot-actuator)的功能： **表 13.2. Spring Boot生产级starters** | 名称 | 描述 | Pom | | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | spring-boot-starter-actuator | 用于使用Spring Boot的Actuator，它提供了production ready功能来帮助你监控和管理应用程序 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-actuator/pom.xml) | 最后，Spring Boot还包含以下用于排除或交换某些特定技术方面的starters： **表 13.3. Spring Boot技术性starters** | 名称 | 描述 | Pom | | --------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | spring-boot-starter-jetty | 用于使用Jetty作为内嵌servlet容器，可使用[spring-boot-starter-tomcat](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-tomcat)替代 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jetty/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-log4j2 | 用于使用Log4j2记录日志，可使用[spring-boot-starter-logging](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-logging)代替 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-log4j2/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-logging | 用于使用Logback记录日志，默认的日志starter | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-logging/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-reactor-netty | 使用Reactor Netty做为内嵌的HTTP服务器 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-reactor-netty/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-tomcat | 用于使用Tomcat作为内嵌servlet容器，[spring-boot-starter-web](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-web)使用的默认servlet容器 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/pom.xml) | | spring-boot-starter-undertow | 用于使用Undertow作为内嵌servlet容器，可使用[spring-boot-starter-tomcat](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.0.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-tomcat)替代 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/v2.0.0.RELEASE/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-undertow/pom.xml) | **注**：查看GitHub上位于`spring-boot-starters`模块内的[README文件](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-starters/README.adoc)，可以获取到一个社区贡献的其他starters列表。